Textbook, Ethical Dilemmas and Decision Helps with...

The textbook entitled â€Å"Ethical dilemmas and decisions â€Å"describes an ethical dilemma as â€Å"a situation in which it is difficult to make a decision, either because the right course of action is not clear or the right course of action carries some negative consequences† (Pollack, 2012). The following paper will explore an ethical dilemma that I was faced with while working as a police constable, within a uniform capacity for the Peel Regional Police. I currently have 6 years experience as a police constable, the ethical dilemma which I was involved in occurred when I only had 2 years on as a police officer. I was working the 12hr night shift on a warm summer’s night, my patrol consisted of general front line duties such as answering calls, and conducting proactive police work by patrolling many parks and complexes, targeting lawless public behaviour along with any provincial or criminal code offences. Throughout my patrol I came across a few teenagers drinking in a park. A short while later another officer attended the scene to provide officer safety. These teenagers were drinking underage and as a result they were all given a provincial offence notice ticket for drinking in a public place. Once we let the teenagers go, my partner decided to keep the bottle of alcohol for himself, not saying anything to me and just leaving the scene. I knew that what he had done was wrong thus facing the ethical dilemma of either report the wrong doing or simply just ignoring what hasShow MoreRelatedThe Ethical And Legal Dilemmas1519 Words   |  7 PagesSome of the most difficult medical decisions to be made are those involving the life of a disabled or non-viable fetus. Such decisions are often filled with ethical and legal dilemmas. The fetus is just one of the many lives affected in the decision making process. In these scenarios, clear communication between the parents of the fetus and the health providers is crucial. Making the wrong decision could result in the weight of a large burden for the rest of one’s life. In this paper I will bringRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Code Of Ethics927 Words   |  4 Pagessocial agencies work within the ethical code that reflect their prof essional view and role in a society. Most decision making is human services are made based on their own specific ethics (Brody Nair, 2014). Ethics are not simply expectations of leadership, but an essence of leadership because leaders have a responsibility to produce something good or harm, or make a social change (Manning, 2003). However, government and business agencies are often in ethical dilemmas, and it could make a negativeRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemma Of Voluntary Euthanasia1125 Words   |  5 Pagesto consider the serious ethical dilemma of voluntary euthanasia. Is euthanasia murder or a justifiable suicide? Our approach and opinions to this sensitive ethical dilemma is sharply contrasted based in our convictions and ethics derived from our own personal worldview. I will evaluate and examine euthanasia’s ethical dilemma according to my Christian worldview and compare the moral rules, right or wrong, that many believe, allowing man to suffer is immoral. Ethical Dilemma Joni is a young adult whoRead MoreThe Importance Of A Nursing2006 Words   |  9 Pagesinformation from Ms. Jones is in line with the material learned this semester from the textbook. Another topic that was largely discussed throughout the semester was therapeutic communication. When I asked Ms. Jones how she uses these skills, she replied â€Å"therapeutic communication is used on a daily basis, even if you don’t realize it.† Throughout our discussions in class, I learned that therapeutic communication helps to build relationships, confidence, and handle challenges within the field of nursingRead MoreThe High Price Of Textbooks1480 Words   |  6 Pagesan entry middle class job, the need for textbooks in those college courses comes along with that. A common issue most college students are faced with is the high price of textbooks. When it comes to textbooks, there is a conflict of interest between the consumers and publishers. The textbook industry consists of five major publishers, McGraw Hill, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Pearson, Thomson Gale and Wiley. Combined they occupy over 80% of the college textbook market (Staff). As publishers, their goalRead MoreSnowden And The United States1237 Words   |  5 Pagesthese documents. This situation is very similar to one already discussed in our textbook. Page 53 features the story of The Unabomber’s Manifesto. In this case study, we read of a terrorist who sent a 35,000 word manifesto to New York Times and Washington Post. The Editors of each publication faced a difficult ethical decision. The terrorist claimed that if his document was not printed, he would attack again. The dilemma here is this: Should the editors print the manifesto, giving into the demandsRead MoreEthics : The Ethics Of Counseling1308 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the textbook, Group Counseling: Strategies and Skills, â€Å"All professional associations, such as the American Counseling Association (ACA), the National Association for Social Workers, and the American Psychological Association, have ethical standards regarding working with clients in groups.† (Jacobs, Schimmel, Mason, Harvill, 2016) It seems to be unfortunately common to find group leaders who are unaware of the code of ethics existence. Making responsible decisions where a group isRead MoreTypes Of Strength And Personal Change1282 Words   |  6 Pageson four areas of strength I believe I have, as well as four areas the require further growth and personal change. I believe my comfort dealing with a wider range of emotions is a strength of mine, something that I can use to better understand and help a client/clients who present an array of different emotions and depths. Personally, I’m quite familiar with that of sadness and grief; having come from an unhappy home, having lost loved ones, and having my brother be in a critical accident when IRead MoreEthical Dilemm Moral Dilemma1415 Words   |  6 PagesEthical dilemma(s) One ethical dilemma Anthony has encountered is helping the family understand where their loved one is currently standing. Communicating life threatening news takes courage and certain factors need to be taken into consideration. In the textbook, The Last Dance it is stressed that physicians must â€Å"consider the patient’s personality, emotional constitution, and capacity for continued function under stress.† Communication is essential and how and when the life threatening news isRead MoreEthics Is Boring And Uninteresting Essay1985 Words   |  8 Pagesexamples of misconduct are broadcast in the news. The ethical dilemmas that many face are not dilemmas that children could solve. They are complex issues that require serious thought about consequence and resolution. McLemore explains that his book is a guide for ethics in a world where people believe they are ethical experts. The correct decision for an ethical dilemma is not always clear. McLemore hopes that with th is book one can address ethical dilemmas with sophistication. Companies like Global Crossing

Pop Princesses of Perversion Essay - 1033 Words

A sixteen year old girl poses for the camera, wearing a shirt that resembles something more akin to a bra than to an actual shirt. She is lying prostrate upon the floor with the photographer snapping pictures above her scantily-clad form. The girls name is Britney Spears. She has just recorded her first hit single, named quot;Hit Me Baby One More Timequot;. As Britneys veneer of a bubblegum pop princess fades, she has resorted to shedding more and more layers of clothing in order to attract a new breed of audience. Singing songs entitled quot;Oops I Did It Againquot; and quot;Im a Slave for Youquot;, her raunchy music videos are now being mimicked by thirteen year old girls across the world. Britney Spears and her†¦show more content†¦Their clothes have been reduced to mere shreds of cloth held together by strings, their lyrics have transformed into something of a more twisted, sexual nature and their suggestive dance moves have captivated audiences world wide. These glamorous media-whores are idolized by millions of girls between the ages of ten and fifteen-- and their fans tighten their shirts, raise their skirts and imitate the quot;sexyquot; moves they witness in music videos. Many of these little lolitas have even taken to touching themselves inappropriately and stripping off their clothes in a seductive manner in front of their bathroom mirrors in order to make themselves feel more mature, womanly and sexy (Adrno 23). Many Fortune 500 companies across the nation have invested millions of dollars in advertisements bearing the visage of new young pop stars to sell their products (McCabe 1). These ads are rife with sexuality-- convincing young girls that they must act and dress according to their pop idols in order to achieve popularity. We as a society are also sending out mixed messages to our youth. On one hand, we present images of young, scantily-clad girls being the epitome of style and fashion, yet we simultaneously discourage this behavior in our nations youth. We lock away pedophiles in institutions, and strictly prohibitShow MoreRelatedWomens Music Essay2123 Words   |  9 Pageseverything from vacuum cleaners to toothpaste is madly exciting by sex appeal. Ask any senior citizen about the content of television in past generations and you will likely hear them describe modern programs as inappropriate, even vulgar. Perhaps the perversion of sexuality and the objectification of women in the media are made most clear in a format of a few brief minutes of ‘scenery centered on a musical narrative. I speak of course of modern music videos. While there is not as much material available

Business Strategy of British Airways Free Essays

According to the Annual Report, 2009, the main strategic intent of the BA this year is to become ‘the world’s leading global premium airline’. A few main strategies of British Airways are identified; firstly, BA want to ensure that customers receive unique premium service whenever they fly with BA and no matter where they are, for example, they would like to improve the Terminal 5’s facilities and other lounges in different airports. Secondly, new produced will be launched, such as new aircraft, upgrade long haul’s flight business class seats and redesign First class cabin. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Strategy of British Airways or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lastly, BA wants to work closely with BAA in order to improve baggage and punctuality at Heathrow Airport and to keep up their good reputation among customer, and continue being the leading airline in London (BA Annual Report, 2009). British Airway External Environment Analysis Porter’s Five Forces In order to have a well – planned development of organisation future strategy, it is crucial to analysis the competitions within the industry, which may be threaten to the business. Porter (1980) developed a framework and proposed five forces that may affect the degree of competition with other competitors. These five forces are the threat of new entrants to the industry; the threat of substitute products; the power of buyers or customers; the power of supplier and rivalry among businesses in the industry (Johnson, Scholes, Whittington, 2008). Rivalry among competitors Competitive Rivalry BA is facing a very high competitive rivalry, as recent years, higher competition among the short haul flights, budget airline such as Easyjet and Ryanair have been very popular, the old- established airlines such as Virgin Atlantic and Cathy Pacific have also been in a high market competition, according to Shaw (2004), they almost used the same models of aircrafts. Also the government has a strict control on the frequencies and the timing of the flight slot, and also strict pricing policy. Therefore, reputation of the airlines becomes more important for the customers to be loyal. How to cite Business Strategy of British Airways, Essay examples

Starbucks Keeps It Brewing in Asia free essay sample

There are several barriers facing Starbucks as they try to â€Å"teach† people to change their consumption habits from tea to coffee. The most obvious being that tea is the most common drink in China. The Chinese view tea to be both medicinal and beneficial, whereas coffee does not have the same value to the Chinese. In addition to this, one has to take into consideration the vast area of China; it would be very difficult to get coffee to the more rural areas of the country. Not only that, they have less familiarity with coffee and don’t have as much money to spend on the more expensive beverage. Lastly, the vast majority of the Chinese market who drink coffee are accustom to instant coffee. Having them change to brewed coffee could prove to be a long and arduous task. 2. Starbucks could customize or remake some of their existing products to make them less expensive and more attune to China’s taste, which would be sweeter beverages. They may even want to look into making their own form of instant coffee to go along with their individual bag of beans they sell for consumers to brew at home. Perhaps they could also look into creating and adding more emphasis on their tea beverages because they don’t just sell coffee. By expanding their tea products, they could lure more customers in who may be interested in trying coffee. However, the risk of customization can affect the quality of their product and cause their products to be more expensive. They need to make these changes without losing their Starbucks image. 3. There are many values that one can call the Starbucks â€Å"experience†. I think Starbucks takes special considerations upon themselves with particular values that they strive to uphold. The first one that comes to mind is status, they are thought of as higher end coffee than other brands, which also factors in quality and freshness. The atmospheres of the shops are a huge factor in the Starbucks experience. They want to have you feel invited and at home. They do this by providing couches in most stores, tables with electrical outlets for people to use portable electronics, free internet access and friendly people behind the counter to help you with your order. It is these values that Starbucks abides by to allow their customers to feel the Starbucks â€Å"experience†. 4. Type of Group – Target innovators in the group as well as the younger population Type of Decision – Make it a one on one experience Marketing Effort – Regional promotions and coffee’s benefits Fulfillment of Felt Need – Raise customer value, coffee benefits, cultural connection Compatibility – Offer more tea products Relative Advantage – Store location Complexity – Sell ready-made coffee, so customers don’t have to brew their own (when then buy and bring it home). Observability – In collaboration with the marketing effort, show people enjoying the coffee. Trialability – Free samples, promotions. Perceived Risk – Eliminate this with the trialability. 5. With the 10 factors that influence the spread of innovations stated above, there are many things Starbucks could do to successfully encourage greater coffee consumption. Firstly, they will want to gain acceptance from the Chinese market as coffee being an acceptable substitute for tea. To get their name out there, they could sponsor large events that not only focus on the younger generations, but all generations. In addition to that, by giving out free samples and good promotions, such as buy a cup, get a pastry free, they allow the customer to see no harm in trying their product. By eliminating this perceived risk, Starbucks could penetrate into this market, not only with coffee, but tea products as well. 6. To develop an effective marketing strategy for taking Starbucks into smaller Chinese cities and communities, we have to look at the 4 P’s; Product, Price, Place and Promotion. For the product, they should emphasize on great taste as well as several tea options. As far as price is concerned, Starbucks needs to lower their prices, have good promotions and more regional focus. Location is most important for placement, so setting up stores in areas with a lot of traffic would be ideal. Lastly, for promotion, they need to stress awareness of coffee and heavily advertise the product. Even with an effective marketing strategy, there could still be several barriers. These barriers would be the price of the product itself, operating on lower profit margins and the potential lack on people willing to try coffee. With all of this in mind, there is still potential for success in smaller Chinese cities and communities. However, they would have to prove to be successful in larger cities and areas before committing to such an extensive operation in more rural areas. 7. There are many demographic, cultural and media factors that ake India more attractive for Starbucks to pursue rather than China. Although there are similarities, such as tea having a larger consumption rate over coffee, the Indian and Chinese markets are very different. India has a large coffee drinking population and has more acceptance of western ideas, products and industry in general. Taking back into consi deration the 10 factors that influence the spread of innovation, it would be much easier to penetrate into the Indian market, both in large cities and smaller communities. Although it would still be a difficult market to get into, it would be a more successful venture than China.

Leadership Theories Essay Example Essay Example

Leadership Theories Essay Example Paper Leadership Theories Essay Introduction Introduction Numerous studies have been conducted on leadership styles and theories, leading to an abundance of information on the topic. This paper will identify leadership styles and theories that the author has experienced in the maintenance field. Given the leadership styles identified, the author has identified one leadership theory that has influenced their leadership style for an ongoing project that they are currently working on. The study of leadership has identified many different styles exhibited by leaders. Leaders may be of predominantly a single style or may demonstrate the use of different styles depending on the environment that they find themselves in. Goleman (2000) has identified six styles which have been summarised below, however the descriptions of each style may be known by other titles according to different authors. Coercive – ‘Do as I tell you’. Demands that people follow the instructions given to them and leaves no room for their input o r initiative. Rules from the top down. Can make people feel devalued and so resentful that they feel no compulsion to help the leader or business. It can however be used in times of crisis, during a turnaround and to deal with problematic employees, however it should ceased to be used when then issue is dealt with. Authoritative – ‘Come with me’. Authoritative leaders build a vision and inspire people to achieve the vision. Establishes a clear vision and encourages everyone to achieve the vision with true enthusiasm. They motivate people by demonstrating to them how their work fits into the larger vision of the organisation, and generally offers people the freedom to develop their own methods to achieve the stated vision. Leadership Theories Essay Body Paragraphs Affiliative – ‘People come first’. The Affiliative leader has a caring, nurturing approach building strong emotional bonds with people to develop fierce loyalty among people. They provide the freedom for people to choose the most effective way to do their work. Affiliative leaders offer positive feedback to personnel providing a sense of recognition and reward for work well done which in turn generates motivation and a sense of belonging among personnel. Democratic – ‘What do you think? ’. By listening to other people’s ideas and getting their buy-in, the democratic leader seeks consensus among personnel in how the work is to be done to achieve their goals and in setting the goals. This leadership method can create high morale and flexibility within a workforce due to personnel having a say in what is happening. Leaders can use this method to put off decision making or gain input from personnel to make decisions, however there is a risk that if a consensus cannot be reached on issues, many meetings may soon start to occur where decisions are not made, and more meetings are required. It is also a style not recommended when personnel are not competent or well enough informed to be able to make sound decisions. Pacesetting – ‘Do as I do, now’. The pace setting leader sets extremely high performance standards and then exemplifies them himself, expecting the others around him to do the same. If used inappropriately, it will negatively affect the work climate by the pacesetter overwhelming employees with their demands for excellence by making them feel as though they cannot be trusted to do their work. Initiative, flexibility and responsibility among personnel will also diminish. This approach however may work well with a group of like minded, competent personnel who have a set goal or project to complete. Coaching – ‘Try this’. By helping personnel to identify their strengths and weaknesses, the coaching leader helps to determine long term development goals and formulate an action plan to attain those goals. Coaching leaders are prepared to assign challenging tasks to personnel and accept the risk of short term failure if it furthers long term learning. Paradoxically, coaching primarily focuses on personal development rather than the immediate work related tasks, however coaching reinforces many factors that drive work climate – constant dialogue, constant and constructive feedback, clear expectations, responsibility, flexibility and commitment all of which have a positive effect on business performance. Although Goleman (2000, p. 87) identifies 6 individual leadership styles, he also goes on to state: Leaders who have mastered four or more – especially the authoritative, democratic, affiliative, and coaching styles – have the very best climate and performance. And the most effective leaders switch flexibility among the leadership styles as needed. Other leadership styles and theories include: Charismatic – According to Fatt (2000), â€Å"the charismatic leader is a visionary, specifically, having a vision of extraordinary goals and the ability to motivate those around him or her to achieve that vision†. The charismatic leader is able to express the vision, both in terms of communicating the vision and through their personal behaviour to realise the vision, explain the vision to others capturing both benefits to the business and the individual, extend the vision throughout the organisation and expand the vision in different ways and circumstances addressing whatever is required to achieve the vision. Charisma is often conferred by followers onto the leader, creating loyalty to the leader. The climate created by the leader is liable to change when the charismatic leader is removed or the situation changes and the need for a charismatic leader is no longer there. Situational Leadership Theory (SLT) â₠¬â€œ SLT suggests that leaders demonstrate a combination of both task and relationship orientated behaviours in various ratios when dealing with their subordinates depending on the maturity (ability and willingness) of the subordinate to able to complete the task. Blank et al (1990) suggest â€Å"subordinate â€Å"maturity† as the key situational characteristic that is said to moderate the relationship between leader behaviour (task and relationship) and leader effectiveness (Hersey Blanchard, 1969, 1982)†. It can be said then that as a workers maturity grows, their relationship with their leader will also change in terms of the leader demonstrating more relationship based behaviour and less task orientated behaviours. Path Goal Theory (PGT) – â€Å"The theory states that the main goal of the leader is to help subordinates attain the subordinates’ goals effectively, and to provide them with the necessary direction and support to achieve their own goals as well as those of the company. † Silverthorne (2001). In trying to achieve this, the leader needs to be adept in adopting directive, supportive, participative and achievement-orientated behaviours where necessary in order to assist the worker in achieving their goals. The leadership behaviour required will be decided by the nature of the task and the needs of the workers who have been set the task. Transactional – Transactional leadership involves the setting of tasks or goals and the provision of recognition or rewards for achieving the desired results. Bass et al. (2003), further this by stating â€Å"Exhibiting transactional leadership meant that followers agreed with, accepted, or complied with the leader in exchange for praise, rewards and resources or the avoidance of disciplinary action†. This includes a behaviour known as active management by exception whereas the leader specifies the standards for compliance, what will be deemed as non-conformance, and often details consequences of non-conformance. Transformational – â€Å"Transformational leadership refers to a leadership style in which leaders possess charisma and provide intellectual stimulation, individualised consideration and inspirational motivation to followers† Beugre et al. (2006). By clearly defining the organisations goals and objectives to workers, the transformational leader then inspires and motivates workers to achieve, beyond the task – reward behaviours exhibited by transactional leaders, the goals and objectives of the organisation. Transformational leadership is an effective style when an organisation needs to encompass change as transformational leaders identify new ways of working, seek opportunities and effective resolutions to problems rather than efficient solutions. Leadership styles can be many and varied or a leader can sometimes exhibit a dominant style. Generally throughout the research the author has conducted, the more styles a leader is competent in, the more likely they are to achieve the results they are after. The leadership style adopted by a leader in a given situation can have a large affect on the work climate and consequently, aid or inhibit them from achieving their objectives and goals. References Bass, B, Avolio, B, Jung, D, Berson, Y 2003, ‘Predicting unit performance by assessing transformational and transactional leadership’, Journal of Applied Psycology, vol. 88, no. 2, pp. 207-218 Beugre, C, Acar, W, Braun, W 2006, ‘Transformational leadership in organisations: an environment-induced model’, International Journal of Manpower, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 52-62 Blank, W, Weitzel, J, Green, S 1990, ‘A test of situational leadership theory’, Personnel Psychology, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 579-597 Fatt, J 2000, ‘Charismatic leadership’, Equal Opportunities International, vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 24-28 Goleman, D 2000, ‘Leadership that gets results’, Harvard Business Review, March-April, pp. 78-90 Sagie, A, Koslowsky, M 1994, ‘Organisational attitudes and behaviours as a function of participation in strategic and tactical change decisions: an application of path-goal theory’, Journal of Organisational Behaviour, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 37-47 Silverthorne, C 2001, ‘A test of the path-goal leadership theory in Taiwan’, Leadership Organisational Development Journal, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 151-158 We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Theories Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Theories Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Theories Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Emily dickinson 4

Emily dickinson 4 "Best Things dwell out of Sight"(#998) describes one of America's greatest poets. She dwelled out of sight for most of her life and her poems, with the exception of seven published anonymously, remained out of sight until well after her death. Many literary scholars have attempted a biography on this mysterious woman and poet and yet none are conclusive. Dickinson remains an enigma even today but biographical speculation allows us to analyze some of her poetry even though we may be completely inaccurate about what we presuppose.There are some facts about Emily Elizabeth Dickinson that we know for certain. She was born on December 10, 1830 and is recognized as one of America's greatest poets. She had an older brother, William Austin Dickinson, born on April 16, 1829, and a younger sister, Lavinia Norcross Dickinson, born on February 28, 1833. She was raised in Amherst, Massachusetts, which was a small and tradition-bound town in the nineteenth century.Angie DickinsonEmily's father, Ed ward Dickinson, was a grand figure in Amherst. In his letters, he comes across as a remarkably ambitious man-"a typical success-oriented, work-oriented citizen of expansionist America," in Richard Sewall's characterization. Educated at Amherst College and Yale, he soon became the leading lawyer in town. For thirty-seven years he was the treasurer of the college that his father helped establish in 1821. Besides this, Edward had accomplished much success in his life but biographers of Emily's life believe that he paid for his public success through his emotional destitution. Emily's father was a rigorous Calvinist and dominated the Dickinson family. His concept of life was rigid religious observance and obedience to God's law as stated in the Bible. He prompted his children to read the Bible and attend church every Sunday. People who knew the Dickinsons referred to Edward as...

Structural Fires and Structural Failures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Structural Fires and Structural Failures - Essay Example Efforts started in 1980 to keep track of fires and take measures to reduce structural failures and after three decades, the damages in casualties as well as property reduced by almost fifty percent. Structures were classified into different types to better access the parameters and predict the time the fire takes to consume the structure. This classification also gives firefighters better assessment to fight or counter fires. The speed by which fires spread throughout the structure depends on three major factors; oxygen source, fuel and the heat source. Oxygen is necessary for burning and air is the primary source, the interior of the structure provides fuel source for burning and different components burn with different speeds, and finally; some elements of the structure contribute towards the heat source which raises the air temperature to a point where everything bursts into flame and it is known as flashover. Structural fires reaching flash point are almost impossible to control and often lead to structural failure. Structure Types Structural fires are classified as per type of structures, depending on their external and internal composition of construction materials. Since every material burns with a different rate and in turn produces heat as well as smoke. Heat released contributes towards raising temperature of local air, which results in flash over. Every structure has different set of materials and that is why each structure takes different time to reach flash over. The structures are classified into five types with ascending rates of burning. Type I consists of structures with steel and concrete used to provide structural strength, making it the most resistant to fires. Type II uses steel to reinforce the structure of the roof, which provides additional support for the structure and in particular delays roof collapse. Type III is ordinary structures with exterior and interior made of brick and mortar, which are non-combustible. The interior may also have laminated or fire retardant wooden floors. Type IV is heavy timber structures which rely on timber to reinforce the structure, however, the exterior walls are made from bricks. Type V are wooden structures with wood used to form the basic frame of the structure, as well as, exterior and interior (Dunn, 2013). In simple, structures with steel and concrete, that is Type I and II, are the most resistant to fire as they are capable of handling heat generated for longer durations, whereas, structures with wood, either interior or exterior are destroyed at a faster rate, which includes Type IV and V. Occupancy Types Occupancy type involves type of activity the structure is designed for and therefore, classified accordingly for fire hazards. Structural fires are a result of human actions and the type of occupancy dictate regulations for a specific structure. Some of the groups among this classification include Assembly, Business, Education and Factories. These groups are subdivided de pending on type of activities carried out within the structure. In general, fire hazard increase with increase in the number of occupants within the structure as well as the scope of activity. Factories are more susceptible to fires than any other group, because, they involve manufacturing and storage. The materials involved are much more hazardous and chances of fires are much

The Value of Pair and Group Work for Second Language Learning Essay

The Value of Pair and Group Work for Second Language Learning - Essay Example But some teachers are not yet ready to change and accept change. Besides, they are unconvinced about the value of using pair and group work in the classroom environment. From another angle of view, the mindset of student community towards pedagogical innovation deeply influences its effectiveness in the classroom environment. This view has been supported in the work of Hinkel (2005, P. 141). The value of pair and group work in the classroom environment is that it helps learners gets enough opportunity to practice the language. For instance, pair and group work help the learners to have enough time for oral practice. Besides, less confident learners get exposure to put newly acquired language skills into practice. Pair and group work in classroom environment leads to less dependence on a teacher, helping and learning enhances language acquisition. Pair and group work change the traditional role of the individual teacher in the classroom environment. Group work is helpful for the learners to share their ideas with their peers. In addition, learning experience in classroom environment under the supervision of teacher enhances the learning process. Dividing the class into different groups consist of gifted, fast learners, average students and below average students is helpful for the student community to develop their language skills. Besides, pair and group work helps the teacher to provide individual attention to each and every student. Grouping the students by considering their ability or language proficiency is not democratic but it leads to the failure of classroom instruction on and tasks formulated by the teacher. This view has been supported in the work of Genesee (1994, p.186). The traditional mode of classroom instruction based on the teacher is not democratic. In this situation, the teacher is lecturing and the students are mere listeners.

Reflection essay Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reflection essay - Case Study Example In many instances, organizations are not able to cater to the social responsibilities because of the huge pressure in corporate sector by the shareholders (Mickels, 2009). By registering as a Benefit corporation, an organization can project them as a business which also has the aim of developing a better society, such as the Good Capital LLC mentioned in the case, where investment is also carried out to provide solutions to some of the challenging problems faced by the society. Therefore, the biggest advantage is that both the society as well as the organization benefits. It also provides encouragement to a generation of entrepreneur who can share benefits with the society, without having to fear about the lawsuits or lack of support from the shareholders (Reiser, 2012). However, there are certain disadvantages also; where by Benefit corporates can get sued by if it fails to take the steps for the benefit of the society as per the state laws (Reiser, 2012). If the status of Benefit corporations is given to organizations, it is mandated that they take solid steps towards the social cause they are committed to (Reiser, 2012). Additionally, it also has a high risk of abuse as powerful leaders may use it to mask their follies (Katz and Page, 2010). Hence, it is appropriate only for those businesses that are fully committed to both social causes as well as to their shareholders. The issue of abuse also leads to the question of ethics in Benefit corporations. As the potential of misusing is high, because the losses can be easily masked out as investment for fulfilling the social causes, it is necessary to have rigorous testing standards so that organizations cannot take undue advantage in the pretext of being a Benefit organization (Reiser, 2012). In addition, an organization should give equal priority to its organizational mission as well as the social cause undertaken, so that it can commit fully to

Importance Of Internet In E Commerce

Importance Of Internet In E Commerce Chapter 1 It is difficult to define tourism. Tourism is not an industry that is grouped into a single heading within the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) (Bardgett, 2000). The definition of tourism mostly come from the purchaser, tourist, not the product itself (Bargett, 2000). Thereupon, World Tourism Organization (WTO) (1993) had defined tourism consists of activities of persons travelling to and staying places outside their usual environment for not more than one continually one year for leisure, or business purposes. In Malaysia, tourism industry has been recognizes as second largest foreign exchange earning sector (Mohd Hanafiah Mohd Harun, 2010). According to United Nations World Trade Organization (UNWTO) World Tourism Barometer (2009), in 2008, tourist arrivals in Malaysia are substantially higher than its neighbors. The table below (Table 1.1) provides a good picture on comparison of number of visitors among Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. On the other hand, as the society has driven into Internet Era, tourism is extensively transformed by the by e-commerce phenomenon (Lee Letho, 2012). Hensdill (1998) described the web as a perfect medium for selling travel. While, with the popularization of computers through the Internet, travel product suppliers such as airlines, car rental companies, and hotels have grasped the opportunity to change their traditional distribution methods by launching their products directly on the Internet (Kasavana, 1997; Montgomery, 1999; Morrison, Taylor, Morrison Morrison 1999). Similarly, travel information is also available on the Internet from regional and national tourism boards in a large amount (Weeks Crouch, 1999). Nowadays, Internet has now become a promotional and advertising tool (Countryman, 1999). According to Martin (2004), the Internet suits the marketing principles for travel and tourism because it: (a) allows travel suppliers to set up a direct link with customers; (b) gets rid of the unfair barriers for customers and suppliers; (c) relieve equal competition; and (d) decreases price discrimination opportunities. Consequently, the Internet not only serves to deliver information (Walle, 1996) but also act as a public relations tool (Connolly, Sigala, 2001). Hence, it is important for travel agents to know which factors can affect travelers intention to use travel website. By knowing this, travel agents not only can formulate the marketing strategies but also can design a website which the features are different from the competitors in order to gain competitive advantages. Problem Statement Due to the rapid growing of tourism industry in Malaysia and the importance of internet in e-commerce, many of the travel agencies have created their own website. The rivalry among the travel website itself has increase rapidly. Hence, to be an outstanding website among the others, and to gain the competitive advantage, the travel agency need to know which factor has the most significant influence the user to use travel website. The result is not necessary only for strategic marketing formulation, but also for the design of the web site features that are superior from competitors (Aziz et al., 2010). The main problem that influences the users to adopt the websites will be the multi stage process for the travel decision making process (Aziz et al., 2010). The consumers need to look careful each step before until final steps to successful purchases the travel packages. For instance, users may need to login the membership before to process to purchase the package. This continue with the double confirm before the purchased package is correct. Until the payment step, users also need to check the all information is correct and submit to pay. Besides that, the security, privacy and trust concerns are other minor problems that influence the users to adopt the websites. The informations quality, security, privacy, trust and the companys reputation have strongly influence on online consumers trust in the websites (Kim, Ferrin, Raghav Rao, 2007) According to the past study of Aziz et al. (2010), social influence is the superiority in encouraging people to use travel websites. While, in the study of Ahmad and Juhdi (2008), they found out that internet self-efficacy had affected Malaysian travelers to use travel website. In the study of Chen (2006), trustworthy has a significant influence in an online travel websites. There have been various studies conducted in different country such as, a study on web site quality for online travel agency in United States (Park, Gretzel, Sirakaya-Turk, 2007); the factor affecting consumers attitude towards online reservation by Vathianathan and Roy (2009) in India; and examine e-travel site, an empirical study in Taiwan (Lin, 2010). Yet, only a few studies have been carried out in Malaysia. In the study of Aziz et al. (2010), the influence of predictors on travel website, the study is only conducted in Klang Valley, which is just a portion of Malaysia. The result cannot represent as a whole. While, in the study of Ahmad and Juhdi (2008), the number of respondents is small and mainly specific in e-group subscribers who were basically active users of internet. Thus, the generalization of the findings is questionable. Research Questions and Objectives Research Questions General Objectives To identify and examine factors that affect Malaysian travelers intention to use travel website. General Question What are the factors that affect Malaysian travelers intention to use travel website? Specific Objectives To examine the relationship between Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) and Malaysian travelers intention to use travel website. To examine the relationship between perceived usefulness (PU) and Malaysian travelers intention to use travel website. To examine the relationship between social influences and Malaysian travelers intention to use travel website. To examine the relationship between self efficacy and Malaysian travelers intention to use travel website. To examine the relationship between travel motivation and Malaysian travelers intention to use travel website. Specific Questions Is there any relationship between Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) and Malaysian travelers intention to use travel website? Is there any relationship between perceived usefulness (PU) and Malaysian travelers intention to use travel website? Is there any relationship between social influences and Malaysian travelers intention to use travel website? Is there any relationship between self efficacy and Malaysian travelers intention to use travel website? Is there any relationship between travel motivation and Malaysian travelers intention to use travel website? Source: Developed for the research Significance of the Study Generally, the acceptance of the internet among users is normally examined with technology acceptance model (TAM) (Aziz et al. 2010). However, the two variable of TAM (Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Usefulness) are still insufficient to test on the factors affecting Malaysian travelers intention to use travel website. Therefore, the proposed model of this study is an extension of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as theoretical foundation. The model will be adding other variables such as, social influence, self efficacy and travel motivation to test on the dependent variable. Travel agency would be among the first to benefit from the study. The finding of this study may help the travel agency to understand several affected factors that influence Malaysian travelers to use travel website. It is important to understand the consumers acceptance of the online concept and the product and services provided are more suitable to be selling online. Hence, travel agency will have more relevant information or idea when creating the website. Besides, its also helping those agencies that have an intention to invest in online store, so, they have a better idea of the trends in the market and thus they can increase their portion of the market place. Last but not least, travel agency can save more cost and time. For instance, small tourism enterprises wont be facing any risk in spending on costly web-based solutions and time with the help of this study by providing them useful information about the preference of the internet users. 1.5 Chapter Layout 1.5.1 Chapter One: Research Overview This research report comprises a total of five chapters. In chapter one, researcher furnish an overview of the study and describing the research situation. It has covered background of this study, a brief introduction of our research, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, hypothesis of the study and significance of the study. 1.5.2 Chapter Two: Literature Review In chapter two, it includes the review of the literature, review of relevant theoretical models. Furthermore, it also consists of proposed theoretical framework and the hypotheses development. 1.5.3 Chapter Three: Methodology For chapter three, it is an overview of the studys research methodology. This chapter includes our research design, data collection methods, sampling design, research instrument, measurement construction, data processing, as well as data analysis. 1.5.4 Chapter Four: Data Analysis In chapter four, it presents the research results and the analysis of the results which are relevant to the research questions and hypotheses. This chapter includes descriptive analysis, scale measurement and inferential analyses. 1.5.5 Chapter Five: Discussion, Conclusion and Implications In chapter five, it is the summarizing chapter that discusses the overall findings followed by the conclusion. Thus, this chapter finds out the implication and limitation of the study. Finally, this chapter outlines the recommendations for future researches.

Chitosan and Weight Loss :: Health Diet Essays

Chitosan and Weight Loss Just What They Want To Hear Everyone enjoys a good fatty meal from McDonald's, KFC, or any other fast food restaurant from time to time. Or maybe just a bag of chips, a candy bar, or an ice cream cone. All of these are food items which people consume on a regular basis and are full of fat. For years, the public has worried about the intake of fat from items such as these and has almost obsessed over weight, figures, and fat. With all the hype about liquid diets, diet pills, diet programs, etc. who wouldn't jump at the idea of an all natural solution. The makers of this product has certainly done their share of work to create an image truly appealing to any and all that dream of losing that extra fat. This probable solution is called chitosan and is simply a fat inhibitor which appears to work miracles for those in search of a safe way to lose that body fat. The information surrounding this product is extremely impressive and appears to justify a revolutionary new discovery. However, is this truly wh at it is dressed up to be or is it yet another gimmick? Chitosan: Where did it come from? Regardless of chitosan's miraculous overview, it is a very simple substance which has been around for ages. It is taken from chitin, a polysaccharide found in the exoskeletons of crustaceans. It is processed by removing the shells from shellfish such as shrimp, lobster, and crabs. The shells are then ground into a pulverous powder. This powder is then deacetylated, or basically stripped of specific chemical groups which allows the compound to thus actively "soak up fats." Or so this is what the producers claim. It has been used in the past in the process of detoxifying water. It was simply spread over the surface of water, where it would immediately absorb any toxic substances such as greases, oils, or dangerous heavy metals. The process is so complete that a scum forms over the surface of water and is then easily removed. For this reason, chitosan is extremely popular all over the world in water purification plants. The present form of chitosan has just been introduced recently as a